Kāohi i ka maʻi maʻi ʻāʻī

ʻIkepili Nui e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi esophageal

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī he maʻi kahi i hana ʻia ai nā maʻi ʻino (cancer) i loko o nā ʻiʻo o ka esophagus.

ʻO ka esophagus ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu muscular e hoʻoneʻe i ka meaʻai a me ka wai mai ka ʻāʻī a i ka ʻōpū.ʻO ka paia o ka esophagus he mau papa o ka ʻiʻo, me ka mucous membrane (loko o loko), ka ʻiʻo, a me ka ʻiʻo pili.Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka esophagus a palahalaha i waho ma nā papa ʻē aʻe i kona ulu ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ʻelua o ka maʻi maʻi esophageal ua kapa ʻia no ke ʻano o nā sela i lilo i maʻi (cancerous):

• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi Squamous cell carcinoma:ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i hana ʻia i loko o nā pūnaewele lahilahi a pālahalaha i loko o ka esophagus.Loaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna a waena o ka esophagus akā hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau ma ka esophagus.Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi maʻi epidermoid carcinoma.
• Adenocarcinoma:ʻO ka maʻi maʻi e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā pūnaewele glandular.Hoʻopuka a hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā wai e like me ka mucus nā cell glandular i ka uhi o ka esophagus.Hoʻomaka maʻamau ka Adenocarcinoma ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus, kokoke i ka ʻōpū.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka maʻi maʻi esophageal i nā kāne.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine i ka maʻi kanesa esophageal.Hoʻonui ka manawa o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa esophageal me ka makahiki.ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka carcinoma cell squamous o ka esophagus i nā ʻeleʻele ma mua o nā keʻokeʻo.

Kāohi i ka maʻi maʻi ʻāʻī

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā mea pilikia a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea pale e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā mea pili i ka maʻi kanesa hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa.ʻO nā kumu pilikia e pili ana i ka puhi paka, ke kaumaha, a ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻoikaika kino.ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea pale e like me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhi paka a me ka hoʻoikaika kino hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa.E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi mea mālama ola kino e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kou pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.

ʻAʻole like nā mea pilikia a me nā mea pale no ka maʻi maʻi squamous cell o ka esophagus a me ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia ma lalo nei e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. ʻO ka puhi paka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus i ka poʻe puhi puhi a inu nui paha.

Hiki i kēia mau mea palekana ke hoʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. E pale i ka paka a me ka inu rama

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus i ka poʻe i hoʻohana ʻole i ka paka a me ka waiʻona.

2. Chemoprevention me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal

ʻO ka Chemoprevention ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka maʻi kanesa.ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) ka aspirin a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha.

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus.Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū, a me ka pōʻino o ka puʻuwai.

ʻO kēia mau mea pilikia e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū

Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka Adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus i ka maʻi reflux gastroesophageal (GERD), ʻoiai ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka GERD a loaʻa nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi i kēlā me kēia lā.ʻO GERD kahi maʻi e kahe ai nā mea i loko o ka ʻōpū, me ka waika o ka ʻōpū, i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus.Hoʻonāukiuki kēia i loko o ka esophagus, a i ka wā lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā pūnaewele e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus.Kapa ʻia kēia maʻi ʻo Barrett esophagus.I ka wā lōʻihi, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā cell i hoʻopili ʻia me nā cell abnormal, a ma hope paha e lilo i adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.ʻO ka momona i hui pū ʻia me GERD hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e hoʻomaha ai i ka ʻiʻo sphincter haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka GERD.Ke hoʻomaha ka ʻiʻo sphincter haʻahaʻa, hiki ke kahe ka waika o ka ʻōpū i ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia inā hoʻohaʻahaʻa ke ʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻōki i ka reflux gastric i ka hopena o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.Ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e ʻike inā hiki i ke ʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau ke pale iā Barrett esophagus.

Hiki i kēia mau mea palekana ke hoʻemi i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. Chemoprevention me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal

ʻO ka Chemoprevention ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka maʻi kanesa.ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) ka aspirin a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha.

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID i ka hopena o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū, a me ka pōʻino o ka puʻuwai.

2. Radiofrequency ablation o ka esophagus

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka poʻe maʻi me Barrett esophagus i loaʻa nā sela ʻino i ka esophagus haʻahaʻa me ka radiofrequency ablation.Hoʻohana kēia kaʻina hana i nā hawewe lekiō e wela a luku i nā cell abnormal, hiki ke lilo i ka maʻi kanesa.ʻO nā pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiofrequency ablation e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka esophagus a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻokahi haʻawina o nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa iā Barrett esophagus a me nā cell abnormal i ka esophagus i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka radiofrequency ablation me nā maʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa.ʻO nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka radiofrequency ablation ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi kanesa esophageal.Pono e aʻo hou aʻe i mea e ʻike ai inā hoʻemi ka radiofrequency ablation i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus i nā maʻi me kēia mau kūlana.

Puna:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62888&type=1#About%20This%20PDQ%20Summary