Kāohi ʻana i ke Kanesa ʻEsophageal

ʻIke Laulā e pili ana i ke Kanesa Esophageal

ʻO ke kanesa ʻōpū kahi maʻi e hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā hunaola ʻino (maʻi ʻōpū) i loko o nā ʻiʻo o ka esophagus.

ʻO ka esophagus ka ʻōmole hakahaka a ʻiʻo hoʻi e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai mai ka puʻu a i ka ʻōpū. Hana ʻia ka paia o ka esophagus me kekahi mau papa o nā ʻiʻo, me ka membrane mucous (ka uhi o loko), nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻiʻo pili. Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal ma ka uhi o loko o ka esophagus a pālahalaha i waho ma o nā papa ʻē aʻe i kona ulu ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua maʻamau o ke kanesa esophageal i kapa ʻia no ke ʻano o nā cell e lilo i malignant (cancerous):

  • ʻO ka maʻi kanesa pūnaewele squamous:ʻO ke kanesa e hana ʻia ana i loko o nā ʻāpana lahilahi a pālahalaha e uhi ana i loko o ka esophagus. Loaʻa pinepine kēia kanesa ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna a me waena o ka esophagus akā hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau ma ka esophagus. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia he epidermoid carcinoma.
  • ʻO ke kanesa adenoma:ʻO ke kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā pūnaewele glandular. ʻO nā pūnaewele glandular i loko o ka uhi o ka esophagus e hana a hoʻokuʻu i nā wai e like me ka mucus. Hoʻomaka pinepine ka Adenocarcinoma ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus, kokoke i ka ʻōpū.

Loaʻa pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal i nā kāne.

ʻEkolu manawa ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kanesa esophageal i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. Piʻi ka manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai ke kanesa esophageal me ka makahiki. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus i nā ʻeleʻele ma mua o nā keʻokeʻo.

 

Kāohi ʻana i ke Kanesa ʻEsophageal

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā kumu pilikia a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea pale e kōkua paha i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā mea pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa e kōkua paha i ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā mea pilikia e pili ana i ka puhipaka, ka momona, a me ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻoikaika kino. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea pale e like me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka a me ka hoʻoikaika kino e kōkua pū i ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi loea mālama ola e pili ana i ke ʻano e hoʻemi ai i kou pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.

ʻAʻole like nā kumu pilikia a me nā kumu palekana no ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus a me ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.

 

ʻO nā mea pilikia e hiki mai ana e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. Ka puhi paka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus i ka poʻe e puhipaka ana a inu nui paha.

结肠癌防治烟酒

Hiki i nā mea palekana ma lalo nei ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. Ke pale ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka a me ka waiʻona

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus i ka poʻe hoʻohana ʻole i ka paka a me ka waiʻona.

2. Chemoprevention me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal

ʻO ka Chemoprevention ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo ai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAID) e komo pū me ka aspirin a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha.

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pilikia o ka squamous cell carcinoma o ka esophagus. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.

 

ʻO nā mea pilikia e hiki mai ana e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. ʻO ka reflux gastric

Ua pili pono ka Adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus i ka maʻi reflux gastroesophageal (GERD), ʻoiai ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka GERD a loaʻa nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO GERD kahi kūlana kahi e kahe ai nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū, me ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū, i luna i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus. Hoʻonāukiuki kēia i loko o ka esophagus, a i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā cell e uhi ana i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kūlana ʻo Barrett esophagus. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua pani ʻia nā cell i hoʻopilikia ʻia me nā cell maʻamau ʻole, hiki ke lilo i adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus ma hope. ʻO ka momona i hui pū ʻia me GERD e hoʻonui hou aku i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomaha ai i ka ʻiʻo sphincter haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus e hoʻonui paha i ka likelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o GERD. Ke hoʻomaha ʻia ka ʻiʻo sphincter haʻahaʻa, hiki i ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū ke kahe i luna i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus.

ʻAʻole maopopo inā hiki i ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻōki i ka reflux gastric ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus. Ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e ʻike ai inā hiki i ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ke pale aku i ka Barrett esophagus.

 ka maʻi-reflux-gastro-esophageal-maʻi-ʻeleʻele-keʻokeʻo-manaʻo-x-ray

Hiki i nā mea palekana ma lalo nei ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus:

1. Chemoprevention me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal

ʻO ka Chemoprevention ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo ai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAID) e komo pū me ka aspirin a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha.

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā NSAID e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.

2. Ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka esophagus ma o ke alapine radio

Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi me Barrett esophagus nona nā cell abnormal ma ka esophagus haʻahaʻa me ka radiofrequency ablation. Hoʻohana kēia kaʻina hana i nā nalu radio e hoʻomehana a luku i nā cell abnormal, hiki ke lilo i maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiofrequency ablation e komo pū ana me ka haiki ʻana o ka esophagus a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻōpū.

Hoʻohālikelike kekahi noiʻi o nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa iā Barrett esophagus a me nā cell abnormal i loko o ka esophagus i nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka radiofrequency ablation me nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole. ʻO nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka radiofrequency ablation ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike ʻia he maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal. Pono hou aku ka noiʻi e ʻike ai inā hōʻemi ka radiofrequency ablation i ka pilikia o ka adenocarcinoma o ka esophagus i nā poʻe maʻi me kēia mau kūlana.

 

Puna:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62888&type=1#About%20This%20PDQ%20Summary


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-04-2023